Top Twenty Jump Residue Interview Questions Answers For Java/Jee Programmers
Hello guys, I receive got been sharing or so REST amongst Spring tutorials from final a twosome of weeks in addition to today, I am going to part or so of the oftentimes asked Spring in addition to REST interview questions to Java developers applying for Web developer roles. Since Spring Framework is the most pop in addition to the measure framework for developing Java spider web application in addition to RESTful Web Services, a practiced cognition of Spring kernel in addition to Spring MVC is expected from whatever senior Java developer, but if the project description nurture close REST in addition to Web Services, yous likewise demand to hold upwards aware of how to develop RESTful Web Services using Spring Framework. From Spring 3.1, the framework has been enhanced a lot to back upwards many features needed for RESTFul API out-of-the-box e..g HTTPMessageConverter tin convert your HTTP response to JSON or XML past times simply detecting relevant library inward classpath e.g. Jackson in addition to JAXB.
Spring likewise provides customized annotations for RESTful Web Services e.g. @RestController which tin brand your Controller REST aware, so that yous don't demand to do mutual materials required past times every unmarried REST API e.g. converting the response to JSON.
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 practiced cognition of Spring Security is likewise mandatory for developing in addition to security RESTful Web Services inward the existent world. Since yous cannot brand life a non-trivial REST API without security, a practiced cognition of security basics e.g. HTTP basic authentication, digest authentication, OAuth, in addition to JWT is really important.
Btw, If yous are non familiar amongst that concept, I propose yous acquire through REST amongst Spring in addition to Learn Spring Security Course to gain or so sense before your Interview. These 2 courses are specially designed to furnish yous or so real-world sense to boost both your cognition in addition to sense amongst Spring MVC, REST, in addition to Spring Security.
What does REST stand upwards for? (answer)
REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer, which uses HTTP protocol to shipping information from customer to server e.g. a majority inward the server tin hold upwards delivered to the customer using JSON or XML.
What is a resource? (answer)
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 resources is how information is represented inward REST architecture. By exposing entities equally the resources it allows a customer to read, write, modify, in addition to create resources using HTTP methods e.g. GET, POST, PUT, DELETE etc.
What are security REST operations? (answer)
REST API uses HTTP methods to perform operations. Some of the HTTP operations which doesn't alteration the resources at the server is known equally security operations e.g. GET in addition to HEAD. On the other hand, PUT, POST, in addition to DELETE are dangerous because they alteration the resources on the server.
What are idempotent operations? Why is idempotency important? (answer)
There are or so HTTP methods e.g. GET which create same response no affair how many times yous utilization them e.g. sending multiple GET asking to the same URI volition final result inward same response without whatever side-effect thus it is known equally idempotent.
On the other hand, the POST is non idempotent because if yous shipping multiple POST request, it volition final result inward multiple resources creation on the server, but again, PUT is idempotent if yous are using it to update the resource.
Even, multiple PUT asking to update a resources on a server volition give same cease result. You tin farther receive got RESTful Web Services to acquire to a greater extent than close REST.
What are the advantages of the RestTemplate? (answer)
The RestTemplate course of educational activity is an implementation of Template method pattern inward Spring framework. Similar to other pop template classes e.g. JdbcTemplate or JmsTempalte, it likewise simplifies the interaction amongst RESTful Web Services on the customer side. You tin utilization it to swallow a RESTful Web Servicer really easily equally shown inward this example.
Which HTTP methods does REST use? (answer)
REST tin utilization whatever HTTP methods but the most pop ones are GET for retrieving a resource, POST for creating a resource, PUt for updating resources in addition to DELETE for removing a resources from the server.
What is an HttpMessageConverter inward Spring REST? (answer)
An HttpMessageConverter is a Strategy interface that specifies a converter that tin convert from in addition to to HTTP requests in addition to responses. Spring REST uses this interface to convert HTTP response to diverse formats e.g. JSON or XML.
Each HttpMessageConverter implementation has i or several MIME Types associated amongst it. Spring uses the "Accept" header to create upwards one's hear the content type customer is expecting.
It volition so sweat to divulge a registered HTTPMessageConverter that is capable of treatment that specific content-type in addition to utilization it to convert the response into that format before sending to the client.
How to create a custom implementation of HttpMessageConverter to back upwards a novel type of request/responses? (answer)
You simply demand to create an implementation of AbstractHttpMessageConverter in addition to register it using the WebMvcConfigurerAdapter#extendMessageConverters() method amongst the classes which generate a novel type of request/response.
Is REST unremarkably stateless? (answer)
Yes, REST API should hold upwards stateless because it is based on HTTP which is likewise stateless. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Request inward REST API should comprise all the details required it to procedure i.e. it should non rely on previous or adjacent asking or or so information maintained at the server cease e.g. Sessions. REST specification pose a constraint to acquire far stateless in addition to yous should continue that inward hear piece designing your REST API.
What does @RequestMapping musical note do? (answer)
The @RequestMapping musical note is used to map spider web requests to Spring Controller methods. You tin map asking based upon HTTP methods e.g. GET in addition to POST in addition to diverse other parameters. For examples, if yous are developing RESTful Web Service using Spring so yous tin utilization produces in addition to consumes holding along amongst media type musical note to dot that this method is exclusively used to create or consumers JSON equally shown below:
Is @Controller a stereotype? Is @RestController a stereotype? (answer)
Yes, both @Controller in addition to @RestController are stereotypes. The @Controller is genuinely a specialization of Spring's @Component stereotype annotation. This agency that course of educational activity annotated with @Controller volition likewise hold upwards automatically hold upwards detected past times Spring container equally utilization of container's constituent scanning process.
And, @RestController is a specialization of @Controller for RESTful spider web service. It non exclusively combines @ResponseBody in addition to @Controller musical note but likewise gives to a greater extent than pregnant to your controller course of educational activity to clearly dot that it deals amongst RESTful requests.
Spring Framework may likewise utilization this musical note to furnish or so to a greater extent than useful features related to REST API evolution inward future.
What is the departure betwixt @Controller in addition to @RestController? (answer)
There are many differences between @Controller in addition to @RestController equally discussed inward my before article (see the answer) but the most of import i is that with @RestController yous acquire the @ResponseBody musical note automatically, which agency yous don't demand to separately annotate your handler methods with @ResponseBody annotation. This makes the evolution of RESTful spider web service easier using Spring. You tin come across hither to learn
When do yous demand @ResponseBody musical note inward Spring MVC? (answer)
The @ResponseBody musical note tin hold upwards pose on a method to indicates that the render type should hold upwards written conduct to the HTTP response trunk (and non placed inward a Model, or interpreted equally a persuasion name).
For example:
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@ResponseBody
public String helloWorld() {
return "Hello World";
}
Alternatively, yous tin likewise utilization @RestController musical note instead of @Controller annotation. This volition take away the demand for using @ResponseBody because equally discussed inward the previous answer, it comes automatically amongst @RestController annotation.
What does @PathVariable do inward Spring MVC? Why it's useful inward REST amongst Spring? (answer)
It's i of the useful annotations from Spring MVC which allows yous to read values from URI similar query parameter. It's especially useful inward illustration of creating RESTful spider web service using Spring because inward REST resources identifiers are utilization of URI.This questions is unremarkably asked to experienced Spring MVC developers e.g. iv to half-dozen years of experience.
For example, inward the URL http://myapp.com/books/101 if yous desire to extract 101 the id, so yous tin use @PathVariable musical note of Spring MVC. If yous are non familiar amongst Spring MVC annotations then Spring MVC For Beginners: Build Java Web App inward 25 Steps is a practiced house to showtime with.
What is the HTTP condition render code for a successful DELETE statement? (answer)
There is no strict dominion amongst observe to what condition code your REST API should render later a successful DELETE i.e it tin render 200 Ok or 204 No Content. In general, if the DELETE functioning is successful in addition to the response trunk is empty render 204. If the DELETE asking is successful in addition to the response trunk is NOT empty, render 200
What does CRUD mean? (answer)
CRUD is a curt shape of Create, Read, Update in addition to Delete. In REST API, the POST is used to create a resource, GET is used to read a resource, PUT is used to updated a resources in addition to DELETE is used to take away a resources from the server.This i is or so other beginner score Spring MVC questions for 1 to three years experienced programmers
Where do yous demand @EnableWebMVC? (answer)
The @EnableWebMvc musical note is required to enable Spring MVC when Java configuration is used to configure Spring MVC instead of XML. It is equivalent to <mvc: annotation-driven>
It enables back upwards for @Controller-annotated classes that utilization @RequestMapping to map incoming requests to handler methods non already familiar amongst Spring's back upwards for Java configuration, Spring Master Class on Udemy is a practiced house to start.
This may function for a human user but non for REST clients. You demand to shipping them proper condition code e.g. 404 if the resources is non found. That's where yous tin utilization @ResponseStatus annotation, which allows yous to shipping custom HTTP condition code along amongst proper fault message inward illustration of Exception.
In lodge to utilization it, yous tin create custom exceptions in addition to annotated them using @ResponseStatus musical note in addition to proper HTTP condition code in addition to reason.
When such exceptions are thrown from controller's handler methods in addition to non handled anywhere else, so appropriate HTTP response amongst the proper HTTP condition code, which yous receive got laid is sent to the client.
For example, if yous are writing a RESTful Web Service for a library which provides majority information so yous tin use @ResponseStatus to create Exception which returns HTTP response code 404 when a majority is non establish instead of Internal Server Error (500), equally shown below:
@ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, reason="No such Book") // 404
public course of educational activity BookNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
// ...
}
If this Exception is thrown from whatever handler method so HTTP fault code 404 amongst argue "No such Book" volition hold upwards returned to the client.
Is REST secure? What tin yous do to secure it? (answer)
This query is generally asked amongst experienced Java programmers e.g. 2 to v years sense amongst both REST in addition to Spring. Security is a wide term, it could hateful security of message which is provided past times encryption or access restriction which is provided using authentication in addition to authorization. REST is unremarkably non secure but yous tin secure it past times using Spring security.
At the really to the lowest degree yous tin enable HTTP basic authentication past times using HTTP inward your Spring security configuration file. Similarly, yous tin expose your REST API using HTTPS if the underlying server supports HTTPS.
Does REST function amongst carry layer security (TLS)? (answer)
TLS or Transport Layer Security is used for secure communication betwixt customer in addition to server. It is the successor of SSL (Secure Socket Layer). Since HTTPS tin function amongst both SSL in addition to TLS, REST tin likewise function amongst TLS.
Actually, REST says anything close Security, it's upwards to the server which implements that. Same RESTful Web Service tin hold upwards accessed using HTTP in addition to HTTPS if the server supports SSL.
If yous are using Tomcat, yous tin come across hither to acquire to a greater extent than close how to enable SSL inward Tomcat.
Do yous demand Spring MVC inward your classpath for developing RESTful Web Service? (answer)
This query is often asked to Java programmers amongst 1 to 2 years of sense inward Spring. Short reply is Yes, yous demand Spring MVC inward your Java application's classpath to develop RESTful spider web services using Spring framework. It's genuinely Spring MVC which provides all useful annotations e.g. @RestController, @ResponseCode, @ResponseBody, @RequestBody, and @PathVariable, thus yous must spring-mvc.jar or appropriate Maven entry inward your pom.xml
That's all close or so frequently asked Spring REST Interview questions for beginners in addition to experienced Java JEE developers. These questions are likewise really useful to brush upwards your cognition close Spring REST if yous are going to receive got Spring Certification. If yous demand to a greater extent than questions from Spring certification perspective, yous volition divulge a lot of query on this topic on David Mayer's Core Spring Simulator, i of the best simulator to top Spring certification at the moment.
Other Spring tutorials in addition to Resources yous may like
Spring Master Class - Beginner to Expert
Spring Framework 5: Beginner to Guru
5 Free Courses to acquire Core Spring in addition to Spring Boot
How Spring MVC Frameworks works?
How Basic Authentication plant inward Spring Security?
What is the Role of DispatcherServlet inward Spring?
What is departure between @Service, @Controller, in addition to @Component inward Spring
REST With Spring Certification Course past times Baeldung
Thanks for reading this article, if yous similar this article so delight part amongst your friends in addition to colleagues. If yous receive got whatever query which is non answered on this listing so delight drib a comment in addition to I'll sweat my best to divulge an reply for you.
Spring likewise provides customized annotations for RESTful Web Services e.g. @RestController which tin brand your Controller REST aware, so that yous don't demand to do mutual materials required past times every unmarried REST API e.g. converting the response to JSON.
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 practiced cognition of Spring Security is likewise mandatory for developing in addition to security RESTful Web Services inward the existent world. Since yous cannot brand life a non-trivial REST API without security, a practiced cognition of security basics e.g. HTTP basic authentication, digest authentication, OAuth, in addition to JWT is really important.
Btw, If yous are non familiar amongst that concept, I propose yous acquire through REST amongst Spring in addition to Learn Spring Security Course to gain or so sense before your Interview. These 2 courses are specially designed to furnish yous or so real-world sense to boost both your cognition in addition to sense amongst Spring MVC, REST, in addition to Spring Security.
20 Spring REST Web Service Interview Questions
Here are a twosome of oftentimes asked questions close using REST Web Services inward Spring Framework.What does REST stand upwards for? (answer)
REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer, which uses HTTP protocol to shipping information from customer to server e.g. a majority inward the server tin hold upwards delivered to the customer using JSON or XML.
What is a resource? (answer)
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 resources is how information is represented inward REST architecture. By exposing entities equally the resources it allows a customer to read, write, modify, in addition to create resources using HTTP methods e.g. GET, POST, PUT, DELETE etc.
What are security REST operations? (answer)
REST API uses HTTP methods to perform operations. Some of the HTTP operations which doesn't alteration the resources at the server is known equally security operations e.g. GET in addition to HEAD. On the other hand, PUT, POST, in addition to DELETE are dangerous because they alteration the resources on the server.
What are idempotent operations? Why is idempotency important? (answer)
There are or so HTTP methods e.g. GET which create same response no affair how many times yous utilization them e.g. sending multiple GET asking to the same URI volition final result inward same response without whatever side-effect thus it is known equally idempotent.
On the other hand, the POST is non idempotent because if yous shipping multiple POST request, it volition final result inward multiple resources creation on the server, but again, PUT is idempotent if yous are using it to update the resource.
Even, multiple PUT asking to update a resources on a server volition give same cease result. You tin farther receive got RESTful Web Services to acquire to a greater extent than close REST.
What are the advantages of the RestTemplate? (answer)
The RestTemplate course of educational activity is an implementation of Template method pattern inward Spring framework. Similar to other pop template classes e.g. JdbcTemplate or JmsTempalte, it likewise simplifies the interaction amongst RESTful Web Services on the customer side. You tin utilization it to swallow a RESTful Web Servicer really easily equally shown inward this example.
Which HTTP methods does REST use? (answer)
REST tin utilization whatever HTTP methods but the most pop ones are GET for retrieving a resource, POST for creating a resource, PUt for updating resources in addition to DELETE for removing a resources from the server.
What is an HttpMessageConverter inward Spring REST? (answer)
An HttpMessageConverter is a Strategy interface that specifies a converter that tin convert from in addition to to HTTP requests in addition to responses. Spring REST uses this interface to convert HTTP response to diverse formats e.g. JSON or XML.
Each HttpMessageConverter implementation has i or several MIME Types associated amongst it. Spring uses the "Accept" header to create upwards one's hear the content type customer is expecting.
It volition so sweat to divulge a registered HTTPMessageConverter that is capable of treatment that specific content-type in addition to utilization it to convert the response into that format before sending to the client.
How to create a custom implementation of HttpMessageConverter to back upwards a novel type of request/responses? (answer)
You simply demand to create an implementation of AbstractHttpMessageConverter in addition to register it using the WebMvcConfigurerAdapter#extendMessageConverters() method amongst the classes which generate a novel type of request/response.
Is REST unremarkably stateless? (answer)
Yes, REST API should hold upwards stateless because it is based on HTTP which is likewise stateless. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Request inward REST API should comprise all the details required it to procedure i.e. it should non rely on previous or adjacent asking or or so information maintained at the server cease e.g. Sessions. REST specification pose a constraint to acquire far stateless in addition to yous should continue that inward hear piece designing your REST API.
What does @RequestMapping musical note do? (answer)
The @RequestMapping musical note is used to map spider web requests to Spring Controller methods. You tin map asking based upon HTTP methods e.g. GET in addition to POST in addition to diverse other parameters. For examples, if yous are developing RESTful Web Service using Spring so yous tin utilization produces in addition to consumes holding along amongst media type musical note to dot that this method is exclusively used to create or consumers JSON equally shown below:
@RequestMapping (method = RequestMethod.POST, consumes="application/json") public Book save(@RequestBody Book aBook) { return bookRepository.save(aBook); }You tin similarly create other handler methods to create JSON or XML. If yous are non familiar amongst these annotations so I propose yous bring together Spring MVC For Beginners course of educational activity on Udemy to acquire from scratch.
Is @Controller a stereotype? Is @RestController a stereotype? (answer)
Yes, both @Controller in addition to @RestController are stereotypes. The @Controller is genuinely a specialization of Spring's @Component stereotype annotation. This agency that course of educational activity annotated with @Controller volition likewise hold upwards automatically hold upwards detected past times Spring container equally utilization of container's constituent scanning process.
And, @RestController is a specialization of @Controller for RESTful spider web service. It non exclusively combines @ResponseBody in addition to @Controller musical note but likewise gives to a greater extent than pregnant to your controller course of educational activity to clearly dot that it deals amongst RESTful requests.
Spring Framework may likewise utilization this musical note to furnish or so to a greater extent than useful features related to REST API evolution inward future.
What is the departure betwixt @Controller in addition to @RestController? (answer)
There are many differences between @Controller in addition to @RestController equally discussed inward my before article (see the answer) but the most of import i is that with @RestController yous acquire the @ResponseBody musical note automatically, which agency yous don't demand to separately annotate your handler methods with @ResponseBody annotation. This makes the evolution of RESTful spider web service easier using Spring. You tin come across hither to learn
When do yous demand @ResponseBody musical note inward Spring MVC? (answer)
The @ResponseBody musical note tin hold upwards pose on a method to indicates that the render type should hold upwards written conduct to the HTTP response trunk (and non placed inward a Model, or interpreted equally a persuasion name).
For example:
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@ResponseBody
public String helloWorld() {
return "Hello World";
}
Alternatively, yous tin likewise utilization @RestController musical note instead of @Controller annotation. This volition take away the demand for using @ResponseBody because equally discussed inward the previous answer, it comes automatically amongst @RestController annotation.
What does @PathVariable do inward Spring MVC? Why it's useful inward REST amongst Spring? (answer)
It's i of the useful annotations from Spring MVC which allows yous to read values from URI similar query parameter. It's especially useful inward illustration of creating RESTful spider web service using Spring because inward REST resources identifiers are utilization of URI.This questions is unremarkably asked to experienced Spring MVC developers e.g. iv to half-dozen years of experience.
For example, inward the URL http://myapp.com/books/101 if yous desire to extract 101 the id, so yous tin use @PathVariable musical note of Spring MVC. If yous are non familiar amongst Spring MVC annotations then Spring MVC For Beginners: Build Java Web App inward 25 Steps is a practiced house to showtime with.
What is the HTTP condition render code for a successful DELETE statement? (answer)
There is no strict dominion amongst observe to what condition code your REST API should render later a successful DELETE i.e it tin render 200 Ok or 204 No Content. In general, if the DELETE functioning is successful in addition to the response trunk is empty render 204. If the DELETE asking is successful in addition to the response trunk is NOT empty, render 200
What does CRUD mean? (answer)
CRUD is a curt shape of Create, Read, Update in addition to Delete. In REST API, the POST is used to create a resource, GET is used to read a resource, PUT is used to updated a resources in addition to DELETE is used to take away a resources from the server.This i is or so other beginner score Spring MVC questions for 1 to three years experienced programmers
Where do yous demand @EnableWebMVC? (answer)
The @EnableWebMvc musical note is required to enable Spring MVC when Java configuration is used to configure Spring MVC instead of XML. It is equivalent to <mvc: annotation-driven>
It enables back upwards for @Controller-annotated classes that utilization @RequestMapping to map incoming requests to handler methods non already familiar amongst Spring's back upwards for Java configuration, Spring Master Class on Udemy is a practiced house to start.
When do yous demand @ResponseStatus musical note inward Spring MVC? (answer)
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 practiced questions for three to v years experienced jump developers. The @ResponseStatus musical note is required during fault treatment inward Spring MVC in addition to REST. Normally when an fault or exception is thrown at server side, spider web server render a blanket HTTP condition code 500 - Internal server error.This may function for a human user but non for REST clients. You demand to shipping them proper condition code e.g. 404 if the resources is non found. That's where yous tin utilization @ResponseStatus annotation, which allows yous to shipping custom HTTP condition code along amongst proper fault message inward illustration of Exception.
In lodge to utilization it, yous tin create custom exceptions in addition to annotated them using @ResponseStatus musical note in addition to proper HTTP condition code in addition to reason.
When such exceptions are thrown from controller's handler methods in addition to non handled anywhere else, so appropriate HTTP response amongst the proper HTTP condition code, which yous receive got laid is sent to the client.
For example, if yous are writing a RESTful Web Service for a library which provides majority information so yous tin use @ResponseStatus to create Exception which returns HTTP response code 404 when a majority is non establish instead of Internal Server Error (500), equally shown below:
@ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, reason="No such Book") // 404
public course of educational activity BookNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
// ...
}
If this Exception is thrown from whatever handler method so HTTP fault code 404 amongst argue "No such Book" volition hold upwards returned to the client.
Is REST secure? What tin yous do to secure it? (answer)
This query is generally asked amongst experienced Java programmers e.g. 2 to v years sense amongst both REST in addition to Spring. Security is a wide term, it could hateful security of message which is provided past times encryption or access restriction which is provided using authentication in addition to authorization. REST is unremarkably non secure but yous tin secure it past times using Spring security.
At the really to the lowest degree yous tin enable HTTP basic authentication past times using HTTP inward your Spring security configuration file. Similarly, yous tin expose your REST API using HTTPS if the underlying server supports HTTPS.
Does REST function amongst carry layer security (TLS)? (answer)
TLS or Transport Layer Security is used for secure communication betwixt customer in addition to server. It is the successor of SSL (Secure Socket Layer). Since HTTPS tin function amongst both SSL in addition to TLS, REST tin likewise function amongst TLS.
Actually, REST says anything close Security, it's upwards to the server which implements that. Same RESTful Web Service tin hold upwards accessed using HTTP in addition to HTTPS if the server supports SSL.
If yous are using Tomcat, yous tin come across hither to acquire to a greater extent than close how to enable SSL inward Tomcat.
Do yous demand Spring MVC inward your classpath for developing RESTful Web Service? (answer)
This query is often asked to Java programmers amongst 1 to 2 years of sense inward Spring. Short reply is Yes, yous demand Spring MVC inward your Java application's classpath to develop RESTful spider web services using Spring framework. It's genuinely Spring MVC which provides all useful annotations e.g. @RestController, @ResponseCode, @ResponseBody, @RequestBody, and @PathVariable, thus yous must spring-mvc.jar or appropriate Maven entry inward your pom.xml
That's all close or so frequently asked Spring REST Interview questions for beginners in addition to experienced Java JEE developers. These questions are likewise really useful to brush upwards your cognition close Spring REST if yous are going to receive got Spring Certification. If yous demand to a greater extent than questions from Spring certification perspective, yous volition divulge a lot of query on this topic on David Mayer's Core Spring Simulator, i of the best simulator to top Spring certification at the moment.
Other Spring tutorials in addition to Resources yous may like
Spring Master Class - Beginner to Expert
Spring Framework 5: Beginner to Guru
5 Free Courses to acquire Core Spring in addition to Spring Boot
How Spring MVC Frameworks works?
How Basic Authentication plant inward Spring Security?
What is the Role of DispatcherServlet inward Spring?
What is departure between @Service, @Controller, in addition to @Component inward Spring
REST With Spring Certification Course past times Baeldung
Thanks for reading this article, if yous similar this article so delight part amongst your friends in addition to colleagues. If yous receive got whatever query which is non answered on this listing so delight drib a comment in addition to I'll sweat my best to divulge an reply for you.
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